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An AC input reactor, also known as a line reactor or input choke, is a passive electrical component used in power electronics systems, particularly in AC motor drives, variable frequency drives (VFDs), and other types of power conversion equipment. Its main function is to limit and control the flow of electrical current from the power source to the connected load. Here are the main functions of an AC input reactor:

Harmonic Filtering: One of the primary functions of an AC input reactor is to mitigate harmonic distortion in the electrical system. When power electronics devices like VFDs are connected to the power grid, they can introduce harmonic currents due to their nonlinear load characteristics. These harmonics can cause issues such as voltage distortion and equipment overheating. The AC input reactor helps to suppress these harmonics by limiting the rate of change of current.

Voltage Stabilization: AC input reactors can also help to stabilize the voltage in the electrical system by reducing voltage spikes and fluctuations. This is especially important in systems where sudden changes in load can cause voltage variations, which may affect the performance and longevity of connected equipment.

Limiting Inrush Current: When large motors or other heavy loads are switched on, they can draw high inrush currents from the power supply, which may cause voltage sags and disturbances. AC input reactors help to limit these inrush currents, thereby reducing stress on the power supply and preventing damage to equipment.

Reducing Electromagnetic Interference(EMI)： The inductive nature of AC input reactors can help to reduce electromagnetic interference generated by power electronics equipment. By smoothing out the current waveform and reducing high-frequency components, AC input reactors minimize EMI emissions, which can interfere with sensitive electronic devices and communication systems.

Improving Power Factor:AC input reactors can improve the power factor of the electrical system by reducing reactive power consumption. By introducing a controlled amount of inductance into the circuit, the reactor compensates for the capacitive reactance of the load, leading to a closer alignment of current and voltage waveforms and hence a better power factor.

Overall, the main function of an AC input reactor is to enhance the performance, efficiency, and reliability of power electronics systems by addressing issues related to harmonic distortion, voltage stability, inrush currents, EMI, and power factor.